Cấu trúc câu chẻ lớp 11

Câu chẻ (Cleft Sentence) – một trong những cấu trúc Tiếng Anh quan trọng nằm trong chương trình học sách mới lớp 11 năm học 2021 – 2022. Với mong muốn giúp bạn đọc nắm chắc cấu trúc câu chẻ trong Tiếng Anh, Tip.edu.vn đã đăng tải tài liệu ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh dưới đây. Tài liệu gồm toàn bộ định nghĩa, cách dùng cấu chẻ, các cấu trúc câu chẻ khác nhau như: Câu chẻ bị động, Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào chủ ngữ, Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào động từ, Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ,… và bài luyện tập nhỏ giúp học sinh lớp 11 ôn tập hiệu quả.

I. Câu chẻ là gì? Cách dùng câu chẻ lớp 11

– Câu chẻ tên gọi khác của câu nhấn mạnh, gồm có 2 mệnh đề, trong đó mệnh đề thứ nhất là mệnh đề sử dụng với mục đích cần nhấn mạnh, mệnh đề thứ hai là mệnh đề phụ có tác dụng bổ ngữ cho mệnh đề thứ nhất.

– Câu chẻ dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần nào đó của câu.

II. Công thức câu chẻ tiếng Anh 11

1. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào chủ ngữ.

It + (be) + S + who/that + V…

Ex: Lan is the best dancer. (Lan là người nhảy giỏi nhất).

➔ It is Lan who is the best dancer. (Đây là Lan người mà nhảy giỏi nhất).

2. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào động từ.

S + Auxilliar + Vinf…

➔ Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh động từ ta dùng trợ động từ tương đương với thời động từ chính của câu và động từ chính ở dạng nguyên thể.

Ex:

I finished all my work yesterday.

(Tôi đã kết thúc tất cả công việc của tôi ngày mai).

➔ I did finish all my work yesterday.

(Tôi đã kết thúc tất cả công việc của tôi ngày mai).

3. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ.

It + be + (tân ngữ) + that/whom + S + V.

Ex:

I gave her a pen last night. (Tôi đã tặng cô ấy một chiếc bút tối qua).

➔ It was her whom I gave a pen last night.

(Cô ấy người mà tôi đã tặng một chiếc bút tối qua).

4. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào các thành phần khác của câu.

It + be + (thành phần câu cần được nhấn mạnh) + that + S + V.

Ex: She lives in a small house. (Cô ấy sống trong một ngôi nhà nhỏ).

➔ It is a small house that she lives in.

(Nó là một ngôi nhà nhỏ nơi mà cô ấy sống).

III. Câu chẻ trong câu bị động.

Câu chủ động: It + be + (tân ngữ) + that/whom + S + V.

Câu bị động: It + be + N + that/whom + tobe + Ved/PII + … + by O(S).

Ex:

Jim gave her boyfriend a lot of gifts.

(Cô gái này đã tặng cho bạn trai cô ấy rất nhiều quà).

➔ It was Jim’s boyfriend whom was given a lot of gifts.

(Bạn trai của Jim người mà đã được tặng rất nhiều quà bởi cô ấy).

IV. Bài tập về câu chẻ có đáp án

Câu chẻ là dạng cấu trúc khá phổ biến trong các bài tập tiếng anh lớp 11. Các bạn cần nắm vững lý thuyết bên trên và làm các bài tập ngay sau đây để củng cố. Dưới đây là một vài bài tập nhỏ chúng tôi đã tổng hợp dành cho các bạn:

Bài 1. Viết lại câu không làm thay đổi nghĩa và use cấu trúc câu chẻ với từ được gạch chân.

1. Gim will visit my grandparents next month.

➔ _________________________________. (will be)

2. Her father hit this dog in the yard.

➔ _________________________________. (was)

3. His girlfriend made some candies for his birthday’s party.

➔ _________________________________. (was)

4. Tom passed the test last week.

➔ _________________________________. (was)

5. We were born in Hanoi.

➔ _________________________________. (that)

6. They cleaned the doors this morning.

➔ _________________________________. (cleaned)

Bài 2. Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning and using the cleft sentences with underlined word:

1. My father usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.

——————————————————————–

2. I used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.

——————————————————————–

3. My neighbors always make noise at night.

———————————————————————

4. We often complain about the noise at night.

———————————————————————

5. You gave her a bunch of rose last week.

———————————————————————

6. Our English teacher is the greatest teacher in the world.

———————————————————————

7. The earthquake destroyed everything two years ago.

———————————————————————

8. My recent computer helps me a lots in preparing tasks for my students.

——————————————————————–

9. My students’ bad behavior made me sad yesterday morning.

——————————————————————–

10. The man gave her the book.

——————————————————————–

11. He bought two houses on Nguyen Trai Street at the age of 25. (that)

——————————————————————–

12. Students usually ask the teacher a lot of interesting questions. (who)

——————————————————————–

13. My mom is making some cakes for our dinner. (that)

——————————————————————–

14. The poor girl won first prize in the singing competition. (that)

——————————————————————–

15. My friend gave me a present at my birthday party. (that)

——————————————————————–

16. We really enjoy doing volunteer work. (that)

——————————————————————–

Bài 3: Reorder the words to make complete sentences.

1. It/ he/ his/ that/ changed/ father’s/ a/ after/ was/ death / lot./ himself

________________________________________

2. going/ to/ am/ I/ the / Tokyo/ that/ in / It/ is/ holiday./ spend

________________________________________

3. USA/ 2008/ got/It/ the / married./ in/ settled/ down/ he/ was/ that/ in/ and

________________________________________

4. that/ It/ mom/ was/ their/ gave / on/ wedding / anniversary / dad/ diamond/ ring./ my/ my/ a/

________________________________________

5. some/ It/ in / boyfriend/ me/ took / beautiful/ photos/ my/ was / who/ for/ Japan.

________________________________________

Bài 4: Choose the correct sentence that is written using the underlined part and cleft sentence with “It”.

1. He spent his summer vacation in Da Lat.

A. It is in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.

B. It was in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.

C. It is in Da Lat that he spends his summer vacation.

D. It was in Da Lat where he spends his summer vacation.

2. Candidates all over the world took part in the competition with great enthusiasm.

A. It is great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.

B. It was great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.

C. It was with great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.

D. It is with great enthusiasm which candidates all over the world take part the competition.

3. He gains impressive achievements at the age of 20.

A. It is at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.

B. It was at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.

C. It is at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.

D. It was at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.

4. Mary made a great contribution to her husband’s success.

A. It is Mary who made a great contribution to her husband’s success.

B. It was Mary who makes a great contribution to her husband’s success.

C. It was Mary who made a great contribution for her husband’s success.

D. It was Mary who made a great contribution to her husband’s success.

5. Most parents are willing to lend their ear to their children.

A. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.

B. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.

C. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.

D. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.

Bài 5. Rewrite the following sentences, using the cleft sentences “It is/ was … that” to emphasize the underlined words or phrases

1. Many teenagers spend a lot of time thinking and talking about being in a relationship.

_______________________________________

2. Welsh boys gave hand – carved wooden spoons to girl as a symbol of their love

_______________________________________

3. Dating is left for the college years in Japan

_______________________________________

4. Once married, the South Korean man expect his wife to be a more traditional woman.

_______________________________________

5. A South Korean boy often holds his girlfriend’s handbag during a date.

_______________________________________

Bài 6. Complete each gap with one of the words in the box. Where necessary (but only where necessary) add that.

person

day

way

place

thing

reason

1.The ____________ you really need to speak to is Mike, the guy standing by the fire.

2.One ____________ I’ve asked you here today is to talk about last week’s sales.

3.The ____________ really got my goal was that he never even apologized.

4.The main ____________ I want to talk to you is to discuss your future.

5.The ____________ it works is that you press this button here and hey presto!

6.The ____________ we got married was the happiest day of my life.

7.One ____________ I’ll never forget is Ba Na Hills.

8.The ____________ you need to remember is that he’s only a child.

9.The ____________ impressed me the most was Mary; she really knew her stuff.

10.One ____________ to get it through the door is to put it on its end.

ĐÁP ÁN

Bài 1. Viết lại câu không làm thay đổi nghĩa và use cấu trúc câu chẻ với từ được gạch chân.

1. It will be Gim who visit my grandparents next month.

2. It was this dog that her father hit in the yard.

3. It was his girlfriend who made some candies for his birthday’s party.

4. It was last week that Tom passed the test.

5. It was Hanoi that We were born in.

6. It was the doors that were cleaned this morning.

Bài 2. Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning and using the cleft sentences with underlined word:

1. It is my father that/who usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.

2. It was I that/who used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.

3. It is my neighbors who/that always make noise at night.

4. It is we who/that often complain about the noise at night.

5.It was you/that who gave her a bunch of rose last week.

6.It is our English teacher who/that is the greatest teacher in the world.

7.It was the earthquake that destroyed everything two years ago.

8.It is my recent computer that helps me a lots in preparing tasks for my students.

9.It was my student’s bad behavior that made me sad yesterday morning.

Bài 5. Rewrite the following sentences, using the cleft sentences “It is/ was … that” to emphasize the underlined words or phrases

1. It is many teenagers that spend a lot of time thinking and talking about being a relationship

2. It was hand – carved spoons that Welsh boys gave to girls as a symbol of their love

3. It is for the college years that dating is left in Japan

4. Once married, it is a more traditional woman that the South Korean man expect his wife to be.

5. It is his girlfriend’s handbag that a South Korean boy often holds during a date.

Bài 6. Complete each gap with one of the words in the box. Where necessary (but only where necessary) add that.

1.The _____pearson_______ you really need to speak to is Mike, the guy standing by the fire.

2.One _____reason_______ I’ve asked you here today is to talk about last week’s sales.

3.The _____thing that_______ really got my goal was that he never even apologized.

4.The main _____reason_______ I want to talk to you is to discuss your future.

5.The _____way_______ it works is that you press this button here and hey presto!

6.The ______day______ we got married was the happiest day of my life.

7.One _____place_______ I’ll never forget is Ba Na Hills.

8.The _____thing_______ you need to remember is that he’s only a child.

9.The _____person that_______ impressed me the most was Mary; she really knew her stuff.

10.One _____way_______ to get it through the door is to put it on its end.

Trên đây là toàn bộ nội dung của Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh lớp 11: Câu Chẻ. Ngoài ra, Tip.edu.vn đã đăng tải rất nhiều tài liệu ôn tập Tiếng Anh 11 cả năm khác như: Để học tốt Tiếng Anh lớp 11, Bài tập Tiếng Anh lớp 11 theo từng Unit trực tuyến, Đề thi học kì 1 lớp 11, Đề thi học kì 2 lớp 11,.. Mời thầy cô, quý phụ huynh và các em học sinh lớp 11 tham khảo, download phục vụ việc học tập và giảng dạy.